सामान्य भूत काल । Past Simple in Nepali
काल (Tense)काल भनेको समय हो । क्रियापदले ब्यक्त गर्ने समयलाई काल भनिन्छ ।
जस्तैः
हिँजो – भूत काल ।
आज – वर्तमान काल ।
भोली – भविष्यत् काल ।
उदाहरण :
म पुस्तक पढ्छु । ( वर्तमान काल )
मैले पुस्तक पढेँ । ( भूत काल )
म पुस्तक पढ्नेछु । ( भविष्यत् काल )
भूतकाल: (Past Tense)
भूतकालले ती घटनाहरुलाई बुझाउँछ जुन विगतमा घटीसके र तिनीहरुको वर्तमानसँग कुनै सम्बन्ध छैन ।
जस्तै: मैंले भात खाएँ । (I ate rice)
भूतकाल पाँच प्रकारका हुन्छन् ।
१. सामान्य भूतकाल । (Past Simple)
जस्तै: उनीहरुले गीत गाए ।
२. अपूर्ण भूतकाल ।(Past Progressive Tense)
जस्तै: उनीहरु गीत गाउँदै थिए ।
३. पूर्ण भूत । (Past Perfect Tense)
जस्तै: उनीहरुले गीत गाएका थिए ।
४. अभ्यस्थ भूत ।
जस्तै: उनीहरुले गीत गाउँथे ।
५. अज्ञात भूत ।
जस्तै: उनीहरुले गीत गाए छन्
सामान्य भूतकाल । (Past Simple)
कुनै काम पहिले वा विगतको समयमा भएको सामान्य अवस्था बुझाउने क्रियापदको पक्षलाई सामान्य भूत काल भनिन्छ ।
सामान्य भूत काल क्रियापदको प्रयोग
| सर्वनाम Pronouns | क्रियापद परिवर्तन - Verb formation |
|---|---|
| म (Ma) | गएँँ (gayen) |
| हामी (Haami) | गयौँ (gayeun) |
| तँ (पुलिङ्ग) (Tan - Masculine) | गइस् (gais) |
| तँ (स्त्रीलिङ्ग) (Tan - Feminine) | गइस् (gais) |
| तिमी (पुलिङ्ग) (Timee - Masculine) | गयौ (gayeu) |
| तिमी (स्त्रीलिङ्ग) (Timee - Feminine) | गयौ (gayeu) |
| नाम / ऊ (पुलिङ्ग) (Name / U - Masculine) | गयो (gaeo) |
| नाम / ऊ (स्त्रीलिङ्ग) (Name / U - Feminine) | गई (gai) |
| उनी (पुलिङ्ग) (Uni - Msculine) | गए (gaye) |
| उनी (स्त्रीलिङ्ग) (Uni - Feminine) | गइन् (gain) |
| उनीहरु (Uniharu) | गए (gaye) |
| तपाईँ, हजुर (आदरार्थी) (Tapain, Hajur - Respect) | जानुभयो (jaanubhayo) |
(Examples of past simple in Nepali)
- मैंले किताब पढेँ ।
(Maile kitaab padhen.)
I read book.
- हामीले किताब पढ्यौँ ।
(Haamile kitaab padheun.)
We read book.
- तैंले किताब पढिस् ।
(Tainle kitaab padhis)
We read book.
- उ घर बस्यो ।
(U ghara basyo.)
He stayed at home.
- मुना विद्यालय गइन् ।
(Muna bidyalaya gain.)
Muna went to school.
- तपाईँहरुले गीत गाउनुभयो ।
(Tapainharule geet gaaunubhayo.)
You sang a song.
- उनीहरुले भात खाए ।
(Uniharule bhaat khaaye.)
They ate rice.
- मेरी आमा मज्जाले नाच्नुभयो ।
(Meree aama majjale naachnubhayo.)
My mather danced well.
- मैंले मदनलाई पुस्तक दिएँ ।
(Maile Madan laai pustak diyen.)
I gave a book to Madan.
- मदनले मिठाई मिठो मानेर खायो ।
(Madanle mithaai mitho maanera khaayo.)
Madan ate sweets with joy.
- उनी मज्जाले नाचिन् ।
(Uni majjale nachin.)
She danced a lot.
- उ आफ्नो घर गई ।
(U aafno ghara gai.)
She went to her house.
- हजुरबाले गीत गाउनुभयो ।
(Hajurbaa le geet gaaunibhayo.)
Grand father sang a song.
- बहिनीले औषधि खाई ।
(Bahinile aausadhi khaai.)
Sister took medicine.
- राम र श्यामले फुटबल खेले ।
(Raam ra Shyam le football khele.)
Ram and Shyam played football.
- तिमीहरु पसल गयौ ।
(Timiharu pasal gaeu.)
You went to shop.
- उनीहरुले गीत गाए ।
(Uniharule geet gaaye.)
They sang a song.
- म मदनको घर गएँ ।
(Ma Madanko ghar gayen.)
I went to Madan's house.
- दिदीले गीत गाउनुभयो ।
(Dideele geet gaaunubhayo.)
Sister sang a song.
- भाइ र भाइको साथी विद्यालय गए ।
(Bhaai ra bhaaiko saathi bidyala gaye.)
Brother and his friend went to school.
(Maile kitaab padhen.)
I read book.
- हामीले किताब पढ्यौँ ।
(Haamile kitaab padheun.)
We read book.
- तैंले किताब पढिस् ।
(Tainle kitaab padhis)
We read book.
- उ घर बस्यो ।
(U ghara basyo.)
He stayed at home.
- मुना विद्यालय गइन् ।
(Muna bidyalaya gain.)
Muna went to school.
- तपाईँहरुले गीत गाउनुभयो ।
(Tapainharule geet gaaunubhayo.)
You sang a song.
- उनीहरुले भात खाए ।
(Uniharule bhaat khaaye.)
They ate rice.
- मेरी आमा मज्जाले नाच्नुभयो ।
(Meree aama majjale naachnubhayo.)
My mather danced well.
- मैंले मदनलाई पुस्तक दिएँ ।
(Maile Madan laai pustak diyen.)
I gave a book to Madan.
- मदनले मिठाई मिठो मानेर खायो ।
(Madanle mithaai mitho maanera khaayo.)
Madan ate sweets with joy.
- उनी मज्जाले नाचिन् ।
(Uni majjale nachin.)
She danced a lot.
- उ आफ्नो घर गई ।
(U aafno ghara gai.)
She went to her house.
- हजुरबाले गीत गाउनुभयो ।
(Hajurbaa le geet gaaunibhayo.)
Grand father sang a song.
- बहिनीले औषधि खाई ।
(Bahinile aausadhi khaai.)
Sister took medicine.
- राम र श्यामले फुटबल खेले ।
(Raam ra Shyam le football khele.)
Ram and Shyam played football.
- तिमीहरु पसल गयौ ।
(Timiharu pasal gaeu.)
You went to shop.
- उनीहरुले गीत गाए ।
(Uniharule geet gaaye.)
They sang a song.
- म मदनको घर गएँ ।
(Ma Madanko ghar gayen.)
I went to Madan's house.
- दिदीले गीत गाउनुभयो ।
(Dideele geet gaaunubhayo.)
Sister sang a song.
- भाइ र भाइको साथी विद्यालय गए ।
(Bhaai ra bhaaiko saathi bidyala gaye.)
Brother and his friend went to school.
